Mpox in Germany
Germany reported around 3,700 mpox cases in the 2022 global outbreak and implemented one of Europe's most systematic vaccination responses through its HIV and sexual health clinic networks.
Key Data
| Metric | Data |
| Total cases 2022 | ~3,700 |
| Peak period | June–August 2022 |
| Main affected cities | Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt |
| Vaccine | Imvanex (MVA-BN) — 2-dose schedule |
| Post-exposure prophylaxis window | Within 4 days of exposure (up to 14 days for attenuated protection) |
| Health authority | Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) |
Germany's Vaccination Approach
Germany's vaccination response in 2022 utilized its established HIV care and sexual health infrastructure. Berlin, with one of Europe's largest gay communities and well-developed HIV clinic networks, became the focal point of the response. Germany secured Imvanex vaccine doses early and offered both pre-exposure vaccination (for high-risk individuals) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for contacts of confirmed cases within 4 days of exposure. The RKI published detailed weekly epidemiological data and updated vaccination recommendations throughout the outbreak. Germany adopted the subcutaneous (rather than intradermal) injection route for most recipients, though intradermal dosing (which stretches doses further) was also used in some settings.
Clade Ib Risk and Preparedness
Germany continues to monitor the risk of Clade Ib mpox importation following the WHO PHEIC declaration in August 2024, driven by the DRC outbreak and spread to neighboring African countries. German travel medicine clinics updated mpox vaccination guidance for travelers to affected African regions. The RKI notes that while Germany's population retains some immunity from 2022 Clade IIb vaccination and infection, Clade Ib has distinct epidemiological and clinical characteristics that require updated risk assessment. Germany's National Reference Centre for Orthopoxviruses conducts surveillance sequencing on all confirmed cases.
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FAQ
In Germany, Imvanex mpox vaccination is available through sexual health clinics, HIV specialty practices (Schwerpunktpraxen), and some public health offices (Gesundheitsämter). Eligibility follows RKI recommendations, primarily covering gay and bisexual men with multiple partners and healthcare workers with mpox patient contact. Check the RKI website (rki.de) or contact your GP for current availability in your region.
The acute phase of the 2022 Clade IIb mpox outbreak in Germany ended by late 2022, with case numbers dropping sharply after the vaccination campaign and behavioral change in the affected community. Sporadic cases continue to be detected (typically imported), and Germany maintains enhanced surveillance. The 2024 WHO PHEIC for Clade Ib prompted updated vigilance protocols, but Germany has not experienced Clade Ib community transmission as of 2025.
Sources: Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) mpox situation reports; ECDC mpox Germany; WHO 2022 global mpox outbreak multi-country data; Eurosurveillance mpox Germany analyses.
Related: Mpox overview · UK mpox · USA mpox